Ancillary services support the basic electrical services and
are essential for the reliability and operation of the electric power system.
The electrical services that are supported include
generating capacity, energy supply, and the power delivery system. FERC
requires six ancillary services, including system control, regulation
(frequency), contingency reserves (both spinning and supplemental), voltage
control, and energy imbalance.
In addition, load following, backup supply, network
stability, system ‘‘black-start’’, loss replacement, and dynamic scheduling are
necessary for the operation of the system.
Utilities have been performing these functions for decades,
but as vertically integrated regulated monopoly organizations. As these begin
to disappear, and a new structure with multiple competing parties emerges,
distributed utilities might be able to supply several of these.
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