Electric Power Substation is an assembly of equipment in an
electric power system through which electrical energy is passed for transmission,
distribution, interconnection, transformation, conversion, or switching.
Specifically, substations are used for some or all of the
following:
1. Connection of generators.
2. Transmission or distribution lines and loads to each
other.
3. Transformation from one voltage level to the other.
4. Interconnection of alternate sources of power.
5. Switching for alternate connections and isolation of
failed or overloaded lines and equipment.
Substation Components
Power & Distribution Transformers
Switchgears
Instrument Transformers
Surge Protection Equipment
Protection Devices
Control Devices
Bus
Station Switchyard
In a generating substation where the voltage generated is
transformed to high voltage for transmission. It contains the bus ducts,
step-up transfomer, VTs, CTs, arresters, breakers,LAs disconnectors, bus works.
The voltage could be 13.8, 23, 69, 115, 138, 230, 345, 400, 500 or 765KV.
Transmission Substation
It is an electrical substation that converts transmission
voltage to transmission or sub transmission voltage.
Example: 138/69KV, 230/69KV, 230/115KV, 500/230KV
Distribution Substation
It is an electrical substation that converts the sub
transmission voltage to distribution voltage.
Example: 69/23KV, 69/34.5KV, 69/13.8K, 69/4.16KV,
115/34.5KV, 138/12.47KV
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